diff --git a/workflows/workflow_baike.py b/workflows/workflow_baike.py
index 891318f..080caba 100644
--- a/workflows/workflow_baike.py
+++ b/workflows/workflow_baike.py
@@ -51,6 +51,752 @@ class QAState(TypedDict):
     suggestedReplies: List[Dict[str, Any]]  # 建议回复问题列表
     error_message: str  # 错误信息
 
+# =============== 辅助函数 ===============
+import re
+
+
+def normalize_latex_spacing(text: str) -> str:
+    """
+    规范 Markdown 中的 LaTeX 公式。
+
+    处理：
+    - $...$：行内公式，清理内侧空格并补充正文间空格
+    - $$...$$：段落公式，完整保留开始和结束定界符
+    - \\(...\\)：转换为 $...$
+    - \\[...\\]：转换为 $$...$$
+
+    不修改：
+    - Markdown 围栏代码块
+    - Markdown 行内代码
+    - HTML code/pre/script/style
+    - HTML 注释
+    - 转义美元符号 \\$
+    """
+    if not isinstance(text, str):
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"text 必须是 str，实际类型为 {type(text).__name__}"
+        )
+
+    if not text:
+        return text
+
+    text = text.replace("\r\n", "\n").replace("\r", "\n")
+
+    protected_parts: list[str] = []
+
+    def protect(content: str) -> str:
+        token = (
+            f"\uE000LATEX_PROTECTED_"
+            f"{len(protected_parts)}"
+            f"\uE001"
+        )
+        protected_parts.append(content)
+        return token
+
+    def restore(content: str) -> str:
+        for index, original in enumerate(protected_parts):
+            token = f"\uE000LATEX_PROTECTED_{index}\uE001"
+            content = content.replace(token, original)
+        return content
+
+    def is_escaped(content: str, position: int) -> bool:
+        slash_count = 0
+        position -= 1
+
+        while position >= 0 and content[position] == "\\":
+            slash_count += 1
+            position -= 1
+
+        return slash_count % 2 == 1
+
+    # ================================================================
+    # 保护 Markdown 围栏代码块
+    # ================================================================
+
+    lines = text.splitlines(keepends=True)
+    output_lines: list[str] = []
+    line_index = 0
+
+    while line_index < len(lines):
+        line = lines[line_index]
+
+        fence_match = re.match(
+            r"^[ \t]{0,3}(`{3,}|~{3,})",
+            line,
+        )
+
+        if not fence_match:
+            output_lines.append(line)
+            line_index += 1
+            continue
+
+        opening_fence = fence_match.group(1)
+        fence_character = opening_fence[0]
+        fence_length = len(opening_fence)
+
+        closing_pattern = re.compile(
+            rf"^[ \t]{{0,3}}"
+            rf"{re.escape(fence_character)}"
+            rf"{{{fence_length},}}"
+            rf"[ \t]*(?:\n|$)"
+        )
+
+        block_lines = [line]
+        line_index += 1
+
+        while line_index < len(lines):
+            current_line = lines[line_index]
+            block_lines.append(current_line)
+            line_index += 1
+
+            if closing_pattern.match(current_line):
+                break
+
+        output_lines.append(
+            protect("".join(block_lines))
+        )
+
+    text = "".join(output_lines)
+
+    # ================================================================
+    # 保护 HTML 代码区域和注释
+    # ================================================================
+
+    text = re.sub(
+        r"(?is)"
+        r"<(?P<tag>pre|code|script|style)\b[^>]*>"
+        r".*?"
+        r"</(?P=tag)\s*>",
+        lambda match: protect(match.group(0)),
+        text,
+    )
+
+    text = re.sub(
+        r"(?s)<!--.*?-->",
+        lambda match: protect(match.group(0)),
+        text,
+    )
+
+    # ================================================================
+    # 保护 Markdown 链接地址
+    # ================================================================
+
+    text = re.sub(
+        r"(!?\[[^\]\n]*\]\()([^)\n]*)(\))",
+        lambda match: (
+            match.group(1)
+            + protect(match.group(2))
+            + match.group(3)
+        ),
+        text,
+    )
+
+    # ================================================================
+    # 保护 Markdown 行内代码
+    # ================================================================
+
+    inline_code_output: list[str] = []
+    position = 0
+
+    while position < len(text):
+        if text[position] != "`":
+            inline_code_output.append(text[position])
+            position += 1
+            continue
+
+        delimiter_end = position
+
+        while (
+            delimiter_end < len(text)
+            and text[delimiter_end] == "`"
+        ):
+            delimiter_end += 1
+
+        delimiter = text[position:delimiter_end]
+        search_position = delimiter_end
+        closing_position = -1
+
+        while search_position < len(text):
+            candidate = text.find(
+                delimiter,
+                search_position,
+            )
+
+            if candidate < 0:
+                break
+
+            previous_character = (
+                text[candidate - 1]
+                if candidate > 0
+                else ""
+            )
+
+            next_position = candidate + len(delimiter)
+
+            next_character = (
+                text[next_position]
+                if next_position < len(text)
+                else ""
+            )
+
+            if (
+                previous_character != "`"
+                and next_character != "`"
+            ):
+                closing_position = candidate
+                break
+
+            search_position = candidate + 1
+
+        if closing_position < 0:
+            inline_code_output.append(delimiter)
+            position = delimiter_end
+            continue
+
+        end_position = closing_position + len(delimiter)
+
+        inline_code_output.append(
+            protect(text[position:end_position])
+        )
+
+        position = end_position
+
+    text = "".join(inline_code_output)
+
+    # ================================================================
+    # 转换其他 LaTeX 定界符
+    # ================================================================
+
+    # \( x + y \) -> $x + y$
+    text = re.sub(
+        r"(?<!\\)\\\((.*?)(?<!\\)\\\)",
+        lambda match: (
+            "$" + match.group(1).strip() + "$"
+        ),
+        text,
+    )
+
+    # \[ x + y \] -> $$x + y$$
+    text = re.sub(
+        r"(?s)(?<!\\)\\\[(.*?)(?<!\\)\\\]",
+        lambda match: (
+            "$$" + match.group(1).strip() + "$$"
+        ),
+        text,
+    )
+
+    # ================================================================
+    # 扫描公式
+    # ================================================================
+
+    opening_punctuation = set(
+        "([{（【《〈“‘"
+    )
+
+    closing_punctuation = set(
+        ")]}）】》〉”’、，。；：！？,.!?;:"
+    )
+
+    result: list[str] = []
+    position = 0
+
+    while position < len(text):
+        # ------------------------------------------------------------
+        # 段落公式 $$...$$
+        # ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+        if (
+            text.startswith("$$", position)
+            and not is_escaped(text, position)
+        ):
+            search_position = position + 2
+            closing_position = -1
+
+            while search_position < len(text):
+                candidate = text.find(
+                    "$$",
+                    search_position,
+                )
+
+                if candidate < 0:
+                    break
+
+                if not is_escaped(text, candidate):
+                    closing_position = candidate
+                    break
+
+                search_position = candidate + 2
+
+            # 未闭合时，原样保留剩余内容。
+            if closing_position < 0:
+                result.append(text[position:])
+                break
+
+            complete_formula = text[
+                position:closing_position + 2
+            ]
+
+            formula_body = text[
+                position + 2:closing_position
+            ]
+
+            # 多行段落公式完整原样保留。
+            if "\n" in complete_formula:
+                result.append(complete_formula)
+            else:
+                # 单行段落公式只清理内侧空格，
+                # 不删除或重建结束的 $$。
+                result.append(
+                    "$$" + formula_body.strip() + "$$"
+                )
+
+            position = closing_position + 2
+            continue
+
+        # ------------------------------------------------------------
+        # 行内公式 $...$
+        # ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+        if (
+            text[position] == "$"
+            and not is_escaped(text, position)
+            and not text.startswith("$$", position)
+            and not (
+                position > 0
+                and text[position - 1] == "$"
+            )
+        ):
+            opening_position = position
+            search_position = position + 1
+            closing_position = -1
+
+            while search_position < len(text):
+                candidate = text.find(
+                    "$",
+                    search_position,
+                )
+
+                if candidate < 0:
+                    break
+
+                # 行内公式不允许跨行。
+                if "\n" in text[
+                    opening_position + 1:candidate
+                ]:
+                    break
+
+                if is_escaped(text, candidate):
+                    search_position = candidate + 1
+                    continue
+
+                if text.startswith("$$", candidate):
+                    search_position = candidate + 2
+                    continue
+
+                next_character = (
+                    text[candidate + 1]
+                    if candidate + 1 < len(text)
+                    else ""
+                )
+
+                # 避免把 $100 和 $200 配对成公式。
+                if next_character.isdigit():
+                    search_position = candidate + 1
+                    continue
+
+                closing_position = candidate
+                break
+
+            if closing_position < 0:
+                result.append("$")
+                position += 1
+                continue
+
+            formula_body = text[
+                opening_position + 1:closing_position
+            ].strip()
+
+            if not formula_body:
+                result.append(
+                    text[
+                        opening_position:
+                        closing_position + 1
+                    ]
+                )
+                position = closing_position + 1
+                continue
+
+            formula_body = re.sub(
+                r"[ \t]+",
+                " ",
+                formula_body,
+            )
+
+            previous_character = ""
+
+            if result and result[-1]:
+                previous_character = result[-1][-1]
+
+            next_character = (
+                text[closing_position + 1]
+                if closing_position + 1 < len(text)
+                else ""
+            )
+
+            if (
+                previous_character
+                and not previous_character.isspace()
+                and previous_character
+                not in opening_punctuation
+            ):
+                result.append(" ")
+
+            result.append(
+                "$" + formula_body + "$"
+            )
+
+            if (
+                next_character
+                and not next_character.isspace()
+                and next_character
+                not in closing_punctuation
+            ):
+                result.append(" ")
+
+            position = closing_position + 1
+            continue
+
+        result.append(text[position])
+        position += 1
+
+    return restore("".join(result))
+
+
+def remove_duplicate_content(text: str) -> str:
+    """
+    删除普通 Markdown 正文中的完全重复行。
+
+    不对以下内容进行去重：
+    - $$ ... $$ 段落公式
+    - \\[ ... \\] 段落公式
+    - equation、align、gather 等 LaTeX 环境
+    - Markdown 围栏代码块
+    - Markdown 缩进代码块
+    - 标题、列表、引用、表格等 Markdown 结构行
+
+    这样不会删除段落公式末尾的第二个 $$。
+    """
+    if not text or len(text) < 10:
+        return text
+
+    text = text.replace("\r\n", "\n").replace("\r", "\n")
+    lines = text.split("\n")
+
+    result: list[str] = []
+    seen_segments: set[str] = set()
+
+    in_code_block = False
+    code_fence_character = ""
+    code_fence_length = 0
+
+    in_dollar_math = False
+    in_bracket_math = False
+
+    latex_environment_stack: list[str] = []
+
+    display_environments = {
+        "equation",
+        "equation*",
+        "align",
+        "align*",
+        "alignat",
+        "alignat*",
+        "gather",
+        "gather*",
+        "multline",
+        "multline*",
+        "flalign",
+        "flalign*",
+        "eqnarray",
+        "eqnarray*",
+        "displaymath",
+        "math",
+    }
+
+    def is_escaped(value: str, position: int) -> bool:
+        slash_count = 0
+        position -= 1
+
+        while position >= 0 and value[position] == "\\":
+            slash_count += 1
+            position -= 1
+
+        return slash_count % 2 == 1
+
+    def count_unescaped_double_dollars(value: str) -> int:
+        count = 0
+        position = 0
+
+        while position < len(value) - 1:
+            if (
+                value[position:position + 2] == "$$"
+                and not is_escaped(value, position)
+            ):
+                count += 1
+                position += 2
+            else:
+                position += 1
+
+        return count
+
+    def is_markdown_structure_line(value: str) -> bool:
+        stripped = value.strip()
+
+        if not stripped:
+            return True
+
+        patterns = (
+            # Markdown 标题
+            r"^#{1,6}\s+",
+
+            # 无序列表
+            r"^[-+*]\s+",
+
+            # 有序列表
+            r"^\d+[.)]\s+",
+
+            # 引用
+            r"^>\s*",
+
+            # 任务列表
+            r"^[-+*]\s+\[[ xX]\]\s+",
+
+            # 水平分隔线
+            r"^(?:-{3,}|\*{3,}|_{3,})$",
+
+            # Markdown 表格分隔行
+            r"^\|?\s*:?-{3,}:?"
+            r"(?:\s*\|\s*:?-{3,}:?)+\s*\|?$",
+
+            # 普通表格行
+            r"^\|.*\|$",
+
+            # HTML 标签
+            r"^</?[A-Za-z][^>]*>$",
+
+            # LaTeX 环境边界
+            r"^\\(?:begin|end)\{[^}]+\}",
+
+            # 公式定界符
+            r"^(?:\$\$|\\\[|\\\])$",
+
+            # Markdown 链接引用定义
+            r"^\[[^\]]+\]:\s*\S+",
+        )
+
+        return any(
+            re.match(pattern, stripped)
+            for pattern in patterns
+        )
+
+    for line in lines:
+        line = line.rstrip()
+        stripped = line.strip()
+
+        # ============================================================
+        # Markdown 围栏代码块
+        # ============================================================
+
+        fence_match = re.match(
+            r"^[ \t]{0,3}(`{3,}|~{3,})",
+            line,
+        )
+
+        if not in_code_block and fence_match:
+            fence = fence_match.group(1)
+
+            in_code_block = True
+            code_fence_character = fence[0]
+            code_fence_length = len(fence)
+
+            result.append(line)
+            continue
+
+        if in_code_block:
+            result.append(line)
+
+            closing_pattern = re.compile(
+                rf"^[ \t]{{0,3}}"
+                rf"{re.escape(code_fence_character)}"
+                rf"{{{code_fence_length},}}"
+                rf"[ \t]*$"
+            )
+
+            if closing_pattern.match(line):
+                in_code_block = False
+                code_fence_character = ""
+                code_fence_length = 0
+
+            continue
+
+        # Markdown 缩进代码块。
+        if re.match(r"^(?:\t| {4})", line):
+            result.append(line)
+            continue
+
+        # ============================================================
+        # \[ ... \] 段落公式
+        # ============================================================
+
+        if in_bracket_math:
+            result.append(line)
+
+            if re.search(r"(?<!\\)\\\]", line):
+                in_bracket_math = False
+
+            continue
+
+        bracket_open_count = len(
+            re.findall(r"(?<!\\)\\\[", line)
+        )
+
+        bracket_close_count = len(
+            re.findall(r"(?<!\\)\\\]", line)
+        )
+
+        if bracket_open_count:
+            result.append(line)
+
+            if bracket_open_count > bracket_close_count:
+                in_bracket_math = True
+
+            continue
+
+        # ============================================================
+        # LaTeX display 环境
+        # ============================================================
+
+        begin_matches = re.findall(
+            r"\\begin\{([^}]+)\}",
+            line,
+        )
+
+        end_matches = re.findall(
+            r"\\end\{([^}]+)\}",
+            line,
+        )
+
+        relevant_begins = [
+            environment
+            for environment in begin_matches
+            if environment in display_environments
+        ]
+
+        relevant_ends = [
+            environment
+            for environment in end_matches
+            if environment in display_environments
+        ]
+
+        if latex_environment_stack:
+            result.append(line)
+
+            for environment in relevant_begins:
+                latex_environment_stack.append(environment)
+
+            for environment in relevant_ends:
+                if (
+                    latex_environment_stack
+                    and latex_environment_stack[-1]
+                    == environment
+                ):
+                    latex_environment_stack.pop()
+                elif environment in latex_environment_stack:
+                    latex_environment_stack.remove(environment)
+
+            continue
+
+        if relevant_begins:
+            result.append(line)
+
+            for environment in relevant_begins:
+                latex_environment_stack.append(environment)
+
+            for environment in relevant_ends:
+                if (
+                    latex_environment_stack
+                    and latex_environment_stack[-1]
+                    == environment
+                ):
+                    latex_environment_stack.pop()
+                elif environment in latex_environment_stack:
+                    latex_environment_stack.remove(environment)
+
+            continue
+
+        # ============================================================
+        # $$ ... $$ 段落公式
+        # ============================================================
+
+        double_dollar_count = (
+            count_unescaped_double_dollars(line)
+        )
+
+        if in_dollar_math:
+            # 公式内部和结束的 $$ 全部原样保留。
+            result.append(line)
+
+            if double_dollar_count % 2 == 1:
+                in_dollar_math = False
+
+            continue
+
+        if double_dollar_count > 0:
+            # 包含 $$ 的行不参与去重。
+            result.append(line)
+
+            # 奇数个 $$ 表示开启了跨行公式。
+            if double_dollar_count % 2 == 1:
+                in_dollar_math = True
+
+            continue
+
+        # ============================================================
+        # 空行和 Markdown 结构行
+        # ============================================================
+
+        if not stripped:
+            result.append(line)
+            continue
+
+        if is_markdown_structure_line(line):
+            result.append(line)
+            continue
+
+        # ============================================================
+        # 仅对普通正文行去重
+        # ============================================================
+
+        normalized_line = re.sub(
+            r"\s+",
+            " ",
+            stripped.lower(),
+        )
+
+        if normalized_line in seen_segments:
+            continue
+
+        seen_segments.add(normalized_line)
+        result.append(line)
+
+    return "\n".join(result)
+
+
+# 推荐调用顺序：
+#
+# text = remove_duplicate_content(text)
+# text = normalize_latex_spacing(text)
+
 
 # =============== 节点函数 ===============
 
@@ -418,18 +1164,20 @@ async def generate_answer(state: QAState) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         answer = answer.strip() if answer else raw_content
 
         # LaTeX 公式空格规范化
-        def normalize_latex_spacing(text: str) -> str:
-            placeholder = "\x00DOUBLE_DOLLAR\x00"
-            text = text.replace("$$", placeholder)
-            text = re.sub(r'(?<!\s)\$', r' $', text)
-            text = re.sub(r'\$(?!\s)', r'$ ', text)
-            text = text.replace(placeholder, "$$")
-            text = re.sub(r'(?<!\s)\$\$', r' $$', text)
-            text = re.sub(r'\$\$(?!\s)', r'$$ ', text)
-            return text
-
+#        def normalize_latex_spacing(text: str) -> str:
+#            placeholder = "\x00DOUBLE_DOLLAR\x00"
+#            text = text.replace("$$", placeholder)
+#            text = re.sub(r'(?<!\s)\$', r' $', text)
+#            text = re.sub(r'\$(?!\s)', r'$ ', text)
+#            text = text.replace(placeholder, "$$")
+#            text = re.sub(r'(?<!\s)\$\$', r' $$', text)
+#            text = re.sub(r'\$\$(?!\s)', r'$$ ', text)
+#            return text
+        answer = remove_duplicate_content(answer)
         answer = normalize_latex_spacing(answer)
 
+#        answer = normalize_latex_spacing(answer)
+
         # 使用增强的图片路径匹配与规范化（仅在有检索结果时）
         if need_retrieval and original_image_paths:
             answer = normalize_markdown_images(answer, original_paths=original_image_paths)